History development linux and the types of
linux
In 1969, Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie (also the
developer of the C language), researchers at AT & T Bell Laboratories
American, making the UNIX operating system, the forerunner of Linux. UNIX
get great attention because it is the first operating system which is created
not by the hardware maker. In addition, because all the source code created
with C language, making it easier to transfer to a variety of platforms.
In a short time UNIX growing rapidly and split into two streams: UNIX developed
by the University of Berkeley and was developed by AT & T. After it started
many companies are involved, and there was a competition that involves many
companies to take control in the field of operating systems. This competition
led to the need for standardization. From this was born the project that was driven by the IEEE
POSIX (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), which aims to
set the standard UNIX specification. However, these standards do not relieve
the competition. Since then, appear various types of UNIX.
One of them was made
by the U.S. MINIX Tanenbaum for educational purposes. MINIX source code is that by Linus
Torvalds, a student at the University of Helsinki, was used as a reference to
create a new operating system is free and the source code can be accessed by
the public. The operating
system is then given the name Linux. In building Linux, Linus uses tools from the Free
Software Foundation's GNU licensed. Then to make Linux a complete operating
system, he put the programs
that are also licensed under GNU.
Technically and short it can be said, Linux is an operating system that is multi-user
and multitasking, which can run on various platforms, including INTEL processor
386 and higher. The operating system implements standard POSIX . Linux can interoperate well with other
operating systems, including Apple, Microsoft and Novell.
Starting from the Unix operating system developed
and implemented in the 1960s and was first released in 1970. Its wide availability and
portability meant that it can be used, copied and modified extensively by
academic institutions and the business
Name Li nux itself
derived from the initial creator, Linus Torvalds ,
at theUniversity of Helsinki, Finland which actually
refers to the kernel of an operating system. Linux used to be a hobby project done by Linus Torvald 'swho drew
inspiration from Minix . Minix is a system UNIX small
by Andy Tanenbaum developed in 1987. Minix at the time the project is a
lesson in class at the time that the system resembles UNIX .
History of Linux related to GNU . GNU Project , started in 1984 has
a goal to create an operating system that is compatible with Unix and totally
complete and consists of free software. In 1985, Richard Stallman founded the Free Software
Foundation and developed the GNU General Public License (GNU General Public
License or GNU GPL). Most programs required by an operating system (such
as libraries, compilers, text editors, a Unix shell and window system) were
completed in the early 1990s, although low-level elements such as device
drivers, and kernel daemon still not completed at the time .
12:01 Linux version done around August 1991 . Then on the 5th October 1991, Linus
announced the official version of Linux, which can run a 0:02 which only bash ( GNU Bourne Again Shell ) and gcc (GNU C Compiler).
Now Linux is a
system UNIX is complete, can be used to network
(networking), software development, and even for day-to-day. Linux has been used in various
domains, from embedded systems to supercomputers, and have had a secure
position in the web application server installation LAMP her popular. Linux is an alternative OS that
is now much cheaper when compared to a commercial OS, with Linux skills are
equal even the operating system environment includes:
·
Hundreds of programs including, compilers, interpreters,
editors and utilities
·
Assistive devices that support connectivity, Ethernet,
SLIP and PPP, and interoperability.
·
Reliable software products, including the latest
development version.
·
Group of developers spread around the world who have been
working and making
Linux portable to a new
platform, as well as supporting the diverse needs of the user community and its
location and also acts as its own developer team.
Linux kernel development
was followed by Torvalds, while Stallman heads the Free Software Foundation,
which supports the development of components ofGNU . In
addition, many individuals and companies who develop componentsof non-GNU . Linux communities combine and
distribute the kernel, GNU components, and non-GNU software package management
in Linux distributions.
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